Momwe Mungasankhire Malo Oyenera a 5-Axis Machining Center for Aerospace Parts
PFT, Shenzhen
Ndemanga
Cholinga: Kukhazikitsa chiganizo chopangika chosankha malo opangira makina a 5-axis operekedwa kuzinthu zazamlengalenga zamtengo wapatali. Njira: Mapangidwe osakanikirana ophatikizira zipika za 2020-2024 zochokera ku zomera zinayi za Tier-1 zakuthambo (n = 2 847 000 machining hours), mayesero ocheka thupi pa Ti-6Al-4V ndi Al-7075 makuponi, ndi mitundu yambiri ya chisankho (MCDM) kuphatikiza kusanthula kwa TOPSIS-weight. Zotsatira: Mphamvu ya spindle ≥ 45 kW, nthawi yomweyo 5-axis contouring accuracy ≤ ± 6 µm, ndi volumetric error compensation yochokera ku laser-tracker volumetric compensation (LT-VEC) inatuluka ngati zolosera zitatu zamphamvu kwambiri za gawo conformance (R² = 0.82). Malo okhala ndi matebulo opendekeka amtundu wa foloko adachepetsa nthawi yokhazikika yopanda phindu ndi 31% poyerekeza ndi masinthidwe amutu wozungulira. Chiwerengero chothandizira cha MCDM ≥ 0.78 chogwirizana ndi kutsika kwa 22 % kwa zinyalala. Kutsiliza: Ndondomeko yosankhidwa ya magawo atatu-(1) benchmarking yaukadaulo, (2) kusanja kwa MCDM, (3) kutsimikizira koyendetsedwa ndi woyendetsa-imapereka kuchepetsedwa kwakukulu kwamitengo yosakhala bwino pomwe ikutsata AS9100 Rev D.
Cholinga: Kukhazikitsa chiganizo chopangika chosankha malo opangira makina a 5-axis operekedwa kuzinthu zazamlengalenga zamtengo wapatali. Njira: Mapangidwe osakanikirana ophatikizira zipika za 2020-2024 zochokera ku zomera zinayi za Tier-1 zakuthambo (n = 2 847 000 machining hours), mayesero ocheka thupi pa Ti-6Al-4V ndi Al-7075 makuponi, ndi mitundu yambiri ya chisankho (MCDM) kuphatikiza kusanthula kwa TOPSIS-weight. Zotsatira: Mphamvu ya spindle ≥ 45 kW, nthawi yomweyo 5-axis contouring accuracy ≤ ± 6 µm, ndi volumetric error compensation yochokera ku laser-tracker volumetric compensation (LT-VEC) inatuluka ngati zolosera zitatu zamphamvu kwambiri za gawo conformance (R² = 0.82). Malo okhala ndi matebulo opendekeka amtundu wa foloko adachepetsa nthawi yokhazikika yopanda phindu ndi 31% poyerekeza ndi masinthidwe amutu wozungulira. Chiwerengero chothandizira cha MCDM ≥ 0.78 chogwirizana ndi kutsika kwa 22 % kwa zinyalala. Kutsiliza: Ndondomeko yosankhidwa ya magawo atatu-(1) benchmarking yaukadaulo, (2) kusanja kwa MCDM, (3) kutsimikizira koyendetsedwa ndi woyendetsa-imapereka kuchepetsedwa kwakukulu kwamitengo yosakhala bwino pomwe ikutsata AS9100 Rev D.
1 Mawu Oyamba
Gawo lazamlengalenga lapadziko lonse lapansi limaneneratu za kukula kwa 3.4 % pachaka pakupanga ma airframe mpaka 2030, kukulitsa kufunikira kwa titaniyamu yowoneka bwino ndi zida za aluminiyamu zomwe zimatha kupirira ma geometric pansi pa 10 µm. Malo opangira makina asanu asanduka ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri, komabe kusowa kwa njira zosankhidwa bwino kumapangitsa kuti 18-34 % asagwiritsidwe ntchito mokwanira ndi 9 % pafupifupi zidutswa zonse zomwe zidafufuzidwa. Kafukufukuyu akuwongolera kusiyana kwa chidziwitso pokhazikitsa zolinga, zoyendetsedwa ndi data pazosankha zogula makina.
Gawo lazamlengalenga lapadziko lonse lapansi limaneneratu za kukula kwa 3.4 % pachaka pakupanga ma airframe mpaka 2030, kukulitsa kufunikira kwa titaniyamu yowoneka bwino ndi zida za aluminiyamu zomwe zimatha kupirira ma geometric pansi pa 10 µm. Malo opangira makina asanu asanduka ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri, komabe kusowa kwa njira zosankhidwa bwino kumapangitsa kuti 18-34 % asagwiritsidwe ntchito mokwanira ndi 9 % pafupifupi zidutswa zonse zomwe zidafufuzidwa. Kafukufukuyu akuwongolera kusiyana kwa chidziwitso pokhazikitsa zolinga, zoyendetsedwa ndi data pazosankha zogula makina.
2 Njira
2.1 Design mwachidule
Kukonzekera kotsatizana kotsatizana kwa magawo atatu kunavomerezedwa: (1) migodi ya deta yobwereranso, (2) kuyesa makina oyendetsedwa, (3) kumanga ndi kutsimikizira kwa MCDM.
Kukonzekera kotsatizana kotsatizana kwa magawo atatu kunavomerezedwa: (1) migodi ya deta yobwereranso, (2) kuyesa makina oyendetsedwa, (3) kumanga ndi kutsimikizira kwa MCDM.
2.2 Magwero a Data
- Zolemba zopanga: Zambiri za MES zochokera ku zomera zinayi, zosadziwika pansi pa ISO/IEC 27001 protocol.
- Kudula mayesero: 120 Ti-6Al-4V ndi 120 Al-7075 prismatic blanks, 100 mm × 100 mm × 25 mm, yochokera ku batch imodzi yosungunuka kuti kuchepetsa kusiyana kwa zinthu.
- Kuwerengera kwamakina: malo 18 omwe amapezeka pamalonda a 5-axis (mtundu wa foloko, mutu wa swivel, ndi ma hybrid kinematics) okhala ndi zaka zomangira 2018-2023.
2.3 Kukhazikitsa kwa Mayesero
Mayesero onse adagwiritsa ntchito zida zofanana za Sandvik Coromant (Ø20 mm trochoidal end mill, grade GC1740) ndi 7 % emulsion flood coolant. Zoyendera: vc = 90 m min⁻¹ (Ti), 350 m min⁻¹ (Al); fz = 0.15 mm dzino⁻¹; ndi = 0.2D. Kukhulupirika kwapamtunda kunayesedwa kudzera mwa white-light interferometry (Taylor Hobson CCI MP-HS).
Mayesero onse adagwiritsa ntchito zida zofanana za Sandvik Coromant (Ø20 mm trochoidal end mill, grade GC1740) ndi 7 % emulsion flood coolant. Zoyendera: vc = 90 m min⁻¹ (Ti), 350 m min⁻¹ (Al); fz = 0.15 mm dzino⁻¹; ndi = 0.2D. Kukhulupirika kwapamtunda kunayesedwa kudzera mwa white-light interferometry (Taylor Hobson CCI MP-HS).
2.4 MCDM Model
Miyezo yoyezera idachokera ku Shannon entropy yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito pazolemba zopanga (Table 1). TOPSIS adayika njira zina, zotsimikiziridwa ndi Monte-Carlo perturbation (10 000 iterations) kuyesa kukhudzika kwa kulemera.
Miyezo yoyezera idachokera ku Shannon entropy yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito pazolemba zopanga (Table 1). TOPSIS adayika njira zina, zotsimikiziridwa ndi Monte-Carlo perturbation (10 000 iterations) kuyesa kukhudzika kwa kulemera.
3 Zotsatira ndi Kusanthula
3.1 Zizindikiro Zofunika Kwambiri (KPIs)
Chithunzi 1 chikuwonetsa malire a Pareto a mphamvu ya spindle motsutsana ndi kulondola kozungulira; makina mkati mwa quadrant chapamwamba kumanzere akwaniritsa ≥ 98 % gawo conformance. Table 2 imafotokoza za regression coefficients: mphamvu ya spindle (β = 0.41, p <0.01), kulondola kwa contouring (β = -0.37, p <0.01), ndi kupezeka kwa LT-VEC (β = 0.28, p <0.05).
Chithunzi 1 chikuwonetsa malire a Pareto a mphamvu ya spindle motsutsana ndi kulondola kozungulira; makina mkati mwa quadrant chapamwamba kumanzere akwaniritsa ≥ 98 % gawo conformance. Table 2 imafotokoza za regression coefficients: mphamvu ya spindle (β = 0.41, p <0.01), kulondola kwa contouring (β = -0.37, p <0.01), ndi kupezeka kwa LT-VEC (β = 0.28, p <0.05).
3.2 Kufananiza Kosintha
Matebulo opendekeka amtundu wa foloko amachepetsa nthawi yopangira makina kuchokera pa 3.2 min mpaka 2.2 min (95 % CI: 0.8–1.2 min) ndikusunga zolakwika <8 µm (Chithunzi 2). Makina ozungulira mutu amawonetsa kutentha kwa 11 µm kupitilira maola 4 osagwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati ali ndi chipukuta misozi.
Matebulo opendekeka amtundu wa foloko amachepetsa nthawi yopangira makina kuchokera pa 3.2 min mpaka 2.2 min (95 % CI: 0.8–1.2 min) ndikusunga zolakwika <8 µm (Chithunzi 2). Makina ozungulira mutu amawonetsa kutentha kwa 11 µm kupitilira maola 4 osagwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati ali ndi chipukuta misozi.
3.3 Zotsatira za MCDM
Malo omwe amapeza ≥ 0.78 pa ndondomeko yamagulu ogwiritsira ntchito adawonetsa kuchepa kwa 22% (t = 3.91, df = 16, p = 0.001). Kusanthula kwamphamvu kunawonetsa kusintha kwa ± 5 % kwa kulemera kwa mphamvu ya spindle komwe kunasinthidwa masanjidwe a 11% yokha ya njira zina, kutsimikizira kulimba kwachitsanzo.
Malo omwe amapeza ≥ 0.78 pa ndondomeko yamagulu ogwiritsira ntchito adawonetsa kuchepa kwa 22% (t = 3.91, df = 16, p = 0.001). Kusanthula kwamphamvu kunawonetsa kusintha kwa ± 5 % kwa kulemera kwa mphamvu ya spindle komwe kunasinthidwa masanjidwe a 11% yokha ya njira zina, kutsimikizira kulimba kwachitsanzo.
4 Nkhani
Kulamuliridwa kwa mphamvu ya spindle kumayenderana ndi kugwedezeka kwamphamvu kwa titaniyamu, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mawonekedwe a mphamvu a Ezugwu (2022, p. 45). Mtengo wowonjezera wa LT-VEC ukuwonetsa kusintha kwamakampani opanga zakuthambo kupita ku "nthawi yoyamba" yopanga pansi pa AS9100 Rev D. Zoperewera zikuphatikiza kuyang'ana kwa kafukufuku pazigawo za prismatic; ma jeometri a thin-wall turbine-blade atha kukulitsa nkhani zotsatiridwa zomwe sizinalembedwe apa. Kwenikweni, magulu ogula zinthu ayenera kuika patsogolo ndondomeko ya magawo atatu: (1) osefa osankhidwa kudzera mu KPI, (2) perekani MCDM, (3) kutsimikizira ndi magawo 50 oyendetsa ndege.
5 Mapeto
Ndondomeko yovomerezeka yovomerezeka yophatikiza ma benchmarking a KPI, MCDM yolemera kwambiri ya entropy, ndi kutsimikizira koyendetsa ndege kumathandiza opanga ndege kuti asankhe malo opangira makina a 5-axis omwe amachepetsa zowonongeka ndi ≥ 20 % pamene akukwaniritsa zofunikira za AS9100 Rev D. Ntchito yamtsogolo iyenera kukulitsa deta kuti ikhale ndi zigawo za CFRP ndi Inconel 718 ndikuphatikiza mitundu yamitengo ya moyo.
Ndondomeko yovomerezeka yovomerezeka yophatikiza ma benchmarking a KPI, MCDM yolemera kwambiri ya entropy, ndi kutsimikizira koyendetsa ndege kumathandiza opanga ndege kuti asankhe malo opangira makina a 5-axis omwe amachepetsa zowonongeka ndi ≥ 20 % pamene akukwaniritsa zofunikira za AS9100 Rev D. Ntchito yamtsogolo iyenera kukulitsa deta kuti ikhale ndi zigawo za CFRP ndi Inconel 718 ndikuphatikiza mitundu yamitengo ya moyo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-19-2025
